henge monuments

Russian translation: памятники хендж

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:henge monuments
Russian translation:памятники хендж
Entered by: George Vardanyan

10:25 Apr 11, 2004
English to Russian translations [PRO]
Science - Archaeology
English term or phrase: henge monuments
A major change occurred c. 4000 BC with the introduction of agriculture by Neolithic immigrants from the coasts of western and possibly northwestern Europe. They were pastoralists as well as tillers of the soil. Tools were commonly of flint won by mining, but axes of volcanic rock were also traded by prospectors exploiting distant outcrops. The dead were buried in communal graves of two main kinds: in the west, tombs were built out of stone and concealed under mounds of rubble; in the stoneless eastern areas the dead were buried under long barrows (mounds of earth), which normally contained timber structures. Other evidence of religion comes from enclosures (e.g., Windmill Hill, Wiltshire), which are now believed to have been centres of ritual and of seasonal tribal feasting. From them developed, late in the 3rd millennium, more clearly ceremonial ditch-enclosed earthworks known as henge monuments. Some, like Durrington Walls, Wiltshire, are of great size and enclose subsidiary timber circles. British Neolithic culture thus developed its own individuality.
Dimo
памятник-котлован, памятник-кратер, хендж
Explanation:
возможные переводы - памятник-котлован, памятник-кратер, хендж

What is a henge?

A henge is a roughly circular or oval-shaped flat area enclosed and delimited by a boundary earthwork - usually a ditch with an external bank.

HENGE
Definition:
Circular or sub-circular enclosure defined by a bank and (usually internal) ditch, with one or two (rarely more) entrances. Of ceremonial/ritual function, they contain a variety of internal features including timber or stone circles.

Definition: A henge is the term given to a large prehistoric earthwork, usually but not always circular, whether of stones, wood, or earth. This word, interestingly, is a back-formation from Stonehenge. Stonehenge was the Saxon name for the famous monument on the Salisbury plain, and the "henge" part is Old English for "hang," not earthwork. Nonetheless, the term henge is in wide use in both popular and scientific literature to refer to megalithic monuments of the Neolithic and Bronze ages.

http://archaeology.about.com/library/glossary/bldef_henge.ht...





Selected response from:

George Vardanyan
Local time: 21:05
Grading comment
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
3 +3памятник-котлован, памятник-кратер, хендж
George Vardanyan
5 +1-
Natalie


  

Answers


14 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +3
памятник-котлован, памятник-кратер, хендж


Explanation:
возможные переводы - памятник-котлован, памятник-кратер, хендж

What is a henge?

A henge is a roughly circular or oval-shaped flat area enclosed and delimited by a boundary earthwork - usually a ditch with an external bank.

HENGE
Definition:
Circular or sub-circular enclosure defined by a bank and (usually internal) ditch, with one or two (rarely more) entrances. Of ceremonial/ritual function, they contain a variety of internal features including timber or stone circles.

Definition: A henge is the term given to a large prehistoric earthwork, usually but not always circular, whether of stones, wood, or earth. This word, interestingly, is a back-formation from Stonehenge. Stonehenge was the Saxon name for the famous monument on the Salisbury plain, and the "henge" part is Old English for "hang," not earthwork. Nonetheless, the term henge is in wide use in both popular and scientific literature to refer to megalithic monuments of the Neolithic and Bronze ages.

http://archaeology.about.com/library/glossary/bldef_henge.ht...








    Reference: http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/henge.htm
    sine.ncl.ac.uk/ term_definitions.asp?thesaurus_code=ty&term_id=442
George Vardanyan
Local time: 21:05
Native speaker of: Native in RussianRussian
PRO pts in category: 8

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  Natalie: согласна с хенджем, но не с котлованом и не с кратером (по сути это могут быть "котлованы", однако вряд ли стоит так их называть)
19 mins
  -> согласен, названия нет, приходится искать по английскому определению

agree  Antonina Zaitseva: хендж
1 hr
  -> thanks Antonina, agree!

agree  Vassyl Trylis: хендж. Действительно, интересное слово. И переводить его не следует, это же уникальная английская реалия. Мы ведь не переводим "зиккураты", "кибуцы" или "битлы". А могли бы...
1 hr
  -> thanks tatum, agree!

agree  Сергей Лузан: хендж
3 hrs
  -> thanks Сергей, agree!
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

32 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5 peer agreement (net): +1
-


Explanation:
ХЕНДЖ (англ. henge), вид ритуальных памятников, встречающийся только на Британских о-вах (рис. 190). X. состоит из округлого пространства — от 150 до 1700 футов (от 45,7 до 518,16м) в поперечнике, — ограниченного рвом, с внешней стороны которого насыпан вал. X. I типа имеют единственный вход в земляных сооружениях, тогда как у X. II типа - два входа, один напротив другого. Многие X. имеют дополнительные черты, такие, как погребения, ямы, кольца из вертикально поставленных камней (Эвбюри, Стонхендж), столбы (Даррингтон Уоллз, Вудхендж). X. обычно связаны с поздненеолитической керамикой типа Райнио-Клэктон, Пи-терборо и кубков, датируемой временем после 2000 г.до н. э. Некоторые вторичные постройки Стонхенджа относятся к раннебронзовому веку (см. Уэссексская культура).
http://terra-xx.narod.ru/gloss.htm

Natalie
Poland
Local time: 21:05
Native speaker of: Russian
PRO pts in category: 4

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Antonina Zaitseva
55 mins
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