Аллозимная изменчивость у грызунов

English translation: alloenzymatic variation in rodents

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Russian term or phrase:Аллозимная изменчивость у грызунов
English translation:alloenzymatic variation in rodents
Entered by: Oleg Lozinskiy

09:30 Apr 20, 2015
Russian to English translations [PRO]
Science - Zoology / Ecology, Veterinary, Developmental Morphology, Pest control methods, Laboratory tests
Russian term or phrase: Аллозимная изменчивость у грызунов
Простите, что это значит??
Petrisik
Estonia
Local time: 11:29
alloenzymatic variation in rodents
Explanation:
https://www.google.ru/#newwindow=1&tbs=li:1&q=rodents alloen...

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Note added at 1 час (2015-04-20 10:51:38 GMT)
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Alloenzymes (or also called allozymes) are variant forms of an enzyme that are coded by different alleles at the same locus. These are opposed to isozymes, which are enzymes that perform the same function, but which are coded by genes located at different loci.[1]

Alloenzymes are common biological enzymes that exhibit high levels of functional evolutionary conservation throughout specific phyla and kingdoms. They are used by phylogeneticists as molecular markers to gauge evolutionary histories and relationships between different species. This can be done because allozymes do not have the same structure. They can be separated by capillary electrophoresis. However, some species are monomorphic for many of their allozymes which would make it difficult for phylogeneticists to assess the evolutionary histories of these species. [2] In these instances, phylogeneticists would have to use another method to determine the evolutionary history of a species.

These enzymes generally perform very basic functions found commonly throughout all lifeforms, such as DNA polymerase, the enzyme that repairs and copies DNA. Significant changes in this enzyme reflect significant events in evolutionary history of organisms. As expected DNA polymerase shows relatively small differences in its amino acid sequence between phyla and even kingdoms.

The key to choosing which alloenzyme to use in a comparison between multiple species is to choose one that is as variable as possible while still being present in all the organisms. By comparing the amino acid sequence of the enzyme in the species, more amino acid similarities should be seen in species that are more closely related, and fewer between those that are more distantly related. The less well conserved the enzyme is, the more amino acid differences will be present in even closely related species.[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloenzyme
Selected response from:

Oleg Lozinskiy
Russian Federation
Local time: 12:29
Grading comment
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +1alloenzymatic variation in rodents
Oleg Lozinskiy


  

Answers


1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
alloenzymatic variation in rodents


Explanation:
https://www.google.ru/#newwindow=1&tbs=li:1&q=rodents alloen...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 час (2015-04-20 10:51:38 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Alloenzymes (or also called allozymes) are variant forms of an enzyme that are coded by different alleles at the same locus. These are opposed to isozymes, which are enzymes that perform the same function, but which are coded by genes located at different loci.[1]

Alloenzymes are common biological enzymes that exhibit high levels of functional evolutionary conservation throughout specific phyla and kingdoms. They are used by phylogeneticists as molecular markers to gauge evolutionary histories and relationships between different species. This can be done because allozymes do not have the same structure. They can be separated by capillary electrophoresis. However, some species are monomorphic for many of their allozymes which would make it difficult for phylogeneticists to assess the evolutionary histories of these species. [2] In these instances, phylogeneticists would have to use another method to determine the evolutionary history of a species.

These enzymes generally perform very basic functions found commonly throughout all lifeforms, such as DNA polymerase, the enzyme that repairs and copies DNA. Significant changes in this enzyme reflect significant events in evolutionary history of organisms. As expected DNA polymerase shows relatively small differences in its amino acid sequence between phyla and even kingdoms.

The key to choosing which alloenzyme to use in a comparison between multiple species is to choose one that is as variable as possible while still being present in all the organisms. By comparing the amino acid sequence of the enzyme in the species, more amino acid similarities should be seen in species that are more closely related, and fewer between those that are more distantly related. The less well conserved the enzyme is, the more amino acid differences will be present in even closely related species.[3]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloenzyme

Oleg Lozinskiy
Russian Federation
Local time: 12:29
Native speaker of: Native in RussianRussian
PRO pts in category: 60

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  cyhul
17 hrs
  -> Thank you, cyhul!
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