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English to Chinese: Freud Detailed field: Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
Source text - English It is a mistake to believe that a science consists in nothing but conclusively proved propositions, and it is unjust to demand that it should. It is a demand only made by those who feel a craving for authority in some form and a need to replace the religious catechism by something else, even if it be a scientific one. Science in its catechism has but few apodictic precepts; it consists mainly of statements which it has developed to varying degrees of probability. The capacity to be content with these approximations to certainty and the ability to carry on constructive work despite the lack of final confirmation are actually a mark of the scientific habit of mind. -- Freud
Translation - Chinese 科学的意义仅在于最终得到若干可证实的命题，这种观点是错误的，而且这样要求科学也不合理。只有这些人才会如此要求科学：他们极度渴望某种形式上的权威，或者觉得有必要取代已有的宗教条文，哪怕是用科学取代。而科学的条文很少罗列可证明的规则，它不断发展，很大篇幅是针对可能性发生改变而列出的不同陈述。科学习性的真正标志是：乐意沿着这些近似的陈述，通过努力到达确定结果，以及在缺少最终确定结果情况下有进行建设性的研究的能力。
——弗洛伊德
Chinese to English: About Tibet
Source text - Chinese Chinese paragraph, from which the Egnlish is translated and rewritten
Translation - English Should there be a homeland in the world for all beliefs in the mind, Tibet is such a place. The open country without any worldly noise, the clear and high sky like having been washed, the yonder snow-covered mountains and peaks lofty and awesome, mirrored still like lowered humble heads in the boundless and unfathomable lake at their feet, as you are and let yourself deserted in all these, you definitely feel a sublimed mind. It couldn't be more ideal a place to self.
It's a land as abstruse as that millions of pilgrims all embrace it as the world center of holiness. But it's natural enough, for that the Himalayas has been the venue of rich legends and myths since a time, that the river Brahmaputra is running the same way as it surged before mankind, and Ngari, the region known as the Roof of the World, that strikes associations with the heaven.
Tibet enlightens you, and insight is interpreted everywhere. The all-year-round ice and snow that cover and seal this land and the subtle blinking waves of lakes betray it. It's echoed through murmuring prayers floating in the air from temples invisible among mountains and lakes. In front of the majestic Guge Dynasty relics, you feel the time backing. On the vast grassland, hearing the neighs of troops of free wild horses, you produce an admiration to the crude life here as it has been.
Tibet is for all minds. It means adventure for courageous people who overcome the hardships and dangers to come to it. It's where dream is realized for people who love the world and are seeking its beauty. It's pursued by scholars for its age-old relics. It's meanwhile a shrine for pious souls. And whoever you are, one share is always for you, inevitably a thought tourist.
Chinese to English: Part of the writing about a company
Source text - Chinese no source text referred
Translation - English The world is never like what it used to be composed of countries that were separate from each other with citizens from one not knowing about those from another. Today's countries are getting closer than ever for both the will for survival and the need for development. They mostly jump on a same trend -- economical growth. And the trend is being powered and pushed continuously by the booming IT industry. Without saying, the development of the IT industry is vital to the progress of other industries, especially in China, where the industry bottomed out from 2000 through 2003 and with years of struggle afterwards is only starting to go on its normal track.
IT industry companies are different from those of traditional industries. In a manufacturing company, 200 staff can be seriously scarce; while an IT company in China with 200 people is at least a medium-sized one. The company I work with, Nanjing Focus Tech Co., Ltd., owns no more than 200 staff covering all the departments related to Internet application, a major company business, but has created in China the second biggest B2B Web site Made-in-China.com, following only Alibaba.com. Highly streamlined, an IT company often accents teamwork based on individual skills. A survey conducted to China's IT industry shows that the threshold revenue an employee brings to his company per year should come to 300 thousand RMB, below which marks the downturn of an IT company. Rather than new machines and equipment, an IT company usually gains profits through the brainwork of people, or rather staff. With relatively low costs in equipment and high costs in staffing, an IT company will achieve its best by allowing staff to work in full force in a well-organized team. To do this, an excellent system of staff management must be established.
Companies in the IT industry often share the following aspects, analysis of which may lend light to essential points to manage staff in the industry:
a) Efficiency
IT companies require their staff to be highly efficient, and even so overtime work is commonplace. It's easy to think of that. A new species of virus usually breaks out and sweeps across a network faster than the users may think, so the webmaster needs to control the virus and an application against the virus must be developed in the shortest time possible. A Web site based service provider usually has an avalanche of emails from the large base of clients, and to run the whole Web site, there's nothing worse than delaying these mails. Once your clients find their new needs, such as on one client site setting up a sector of client testaments, you are supposed to meet them as soon as possible. Not to mention that glitches are often here and there, from clients, from network, from search engine optimization... and all of them require -- no delay to fix up. In short, the IT industry is like an extremely busy motorway, the work needed is to try to avoid any chances of traffic jam, and to remove any jam already there right away, so that the whole system flows smoothly and thus generates money. It's all about efficiency.
So how to enhance the staff efficiency in the most rewarding way, as is about the bread of an IT company.
b) Pressure
Following highly efficient work, pressure naturally comes by. It is hard to accept that several managers, at their thirties, from top IT companies, actually pride of place in China, encountered sudden death early this year, which has caused another heated public discussion about work and health in the IT industry.
Pressure generally comes from physiology and psychology. And the factors are multiple, such as exigent work and work settings. For a long time, sedentary work in front of computer is deemed harmful for the given off radiation. The skin gets dry and rough, and the eyes get sore. IT people usually hurry the meals or even forget them. Without normal dietary, nutrition becomes a problem. What's worse, people have less time for excises. In fact, high blood, neck and shoulder trouble, diabetes, nervous anxiety, and other diseases are not unusual in the IT industry.
How to soothe the staff by bringing down their tension, or how to build a set of rules that can best make the staff work comfortably and scientifically (which in turn helps to enhance efficiency), it potentially plays big in an IT company.
c) Job-hopping
The IT industry is probably the most vigorous among all. It keeps advancing and always takes on new look now and then. Who knew before 2001 that Google is now sharing nearly 50% of the search engine market, with a similar proportion to Yahoo!, and MSN can hardly live between? How many of us knew E-bay.com before it entered the Chinese market last year? And who knows about the fate of sina.com, according to the hip with the brew that it will be sold to Tom.com? The market keeps shuffling. A varying market absorbs talents. And IT people by chance are the most diligent ones for knowledge so they can stay updated and will not fall behind. One is never too old to learn, the old saying absolutely applies to the new IT industry. And it accounts for the high job-hopping rate among IT guys who are carrying the newest know-how and seeking better careers. It's unsurprisingly that Microsoft laid a lawsuit months ago against an influential manager who was prepared to shift to Google.
Senior staffs are gold, and a special asset, especially for an IT company where the factor of people dominates. There are many reasons for an individual to leave, and you will know them if, let's say you are the general managing director, you would like to communicate with him or her. Some reasons we just can't control, like moving home to another city, going to the parents who need care, or hitting a lottery for 5,000,000 RMB and hoping for another lifestyle... But at least two reasons we can always control: paycheck, and staff relocation. And they fall into the scope of staff management.
Paycheck
Staffs do consider much about the paycheck. And usually the paycheck is the most effective incentive. If an individual works for a pay that doesn't fit his ability, after a long time he has seen still no hope, he will choose to go, or simply accept one invitation that promises better conditions -- headhunting companies like to target seniors.
A reasonable paycheck should reveal two things: increased part for better work, and always hope of more money. And a related rule should be carefully made.
Staff Relocation
Since the paycheck is not all out there going. A good job brings both reward and enthusiasm. If the latter lacks, the work is a dull one. Few people like tedious work. Looking upon the money, people will linger. But once a job is offered with similar income and more fun, he will certainly grab it.
An IT company should always encourage the staff to display their talents in different departments. It not only helps to reignite the ardor of the staff, but also creates chances for the staff to view the overall company. Fresh things easily intrigue people. Being interested, they will bring forward more ideas. That's the point of relocation.
Current situation of my company and the B2B market
Company Profile
Founded in 1996, Focus Tech Co., Ltd. has been a pioneer and leader in the field of electronic business in China. Its Web site, Made-in-China.com, formally launched in April 2000, has been the second largest B2B Web site, only after Alibaba.com.
The Site is essentially an info platform. As its name suggests, it provides info on products made in China for global buyers. Aimed to assist the large base of small- and medium-sized Chinese enterprises who are seeking opportunities to export their products globally, the Site offers free inclusion of Chinese manufacturers, traders, and service providers into its products directory, which are divided into 16 categories, containing hundreds of subcategories with coverage over almost all the industries in China. Besides basic free services, Made-in-China.com also provides premium services for its advanced membership.
As a professional export channel, Made-in-China.com connects small- and medium-sized enterprises to their target buyers. The way helps avoid the costs of building cooperation Web sites. In addition to products directory, Made-in-China.com also features trade shows, import and export services, electronic business tips, and other useful guides. Since 2003 it has been titled as one of China's Top 100 Commercial Sites, an annual campaign by China Internet Weekly.
Current Situation of the B2B Market in China
The leaders are currently Alibaba.com, Made-in-China.com, and GlobalSources.com. The challenge between the three seems to relax, and the market sharing goes to them steadily. Alibaba.com, with huge investments from the world, is just powerful, and has the largest base of Chinese supplies, mainly concentrated on its Chinese version though. Having been the most successful B2B site so far in China, Alibaba.com is seeking new sectors to break through. Made-in-China.com provides the most cost-effective service for its users, just like the aim when it initiated early in 2000 -- to assist Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises in foreign trade. Getting more and more recognition, especially for its English version, which brings more than 70% of the whole site traffic, Made-in-China.com maintains a relatively low stance in media. It has recently broadened and deepened its products directory and put more weight on client service. Its steps are solid and substantial. The site looks plain, but it's truly promising. Originated from professional business magazine in Shenzhen, GlobalSources.com is just professional, but the charge can be an expense.
Besides the three, there are just too many other sites and ambitious entrepreneurs in hope of sharing the cake. But Internet doesn't seem a place for small players. Anyway, who knows what will happen? The Internet changes too fast.
Chinese to English: a paper abstract Detailed field: IT (Information Technology)
Source text - Chinese 随着信息科学的进步与互联网爆炸性的发展，普通网络用户在海量的网络信息资源想找到所需的信息简直如同大海捞针。这时，为满足大众信息检索需求的搜索引擎便应运而生。搜索引擎以一定的策略在互联网或数据库中搜索、发现信息，对信息进行理解、提取、组织和处理，并为用户提供检索服务，从而起到信息导航的目的。
Translation - English With the rapid development of the IT-related sciences these years, the Internet has expanded explosively. More and more information and resources come to concentrate on the Internet for ready share. But for general connected users, directly picking out what they need from so great a mass can literally compare to grabbing a certain drop in the bucket. To meet the need for a more efficient way to find the exact information, an intermediate, now called search engine, has appeared. A search engine follows strategic rules specified to look for and find out information on the Internet or within the database, and based on its own understanding to the information refines, organizes and reprocesses it, forming a streamlined version that helps users to navigate themselves through the vast Internet by providing a retrieving service.
This paper analyzes the prevailing ranking mechanism employed in most search engines, and its merits and pitfalls. Moreover, it introduces into the fuzzy spatial information process, which is directed to improve the search results ranking via a fuzzy and integrated judgment on the relevance, and further proposes a more reasonable ranking algorithm that considers fairness in multifactor circumstances, and efficiency, so as to improve the search service provided by a Web site and its capacity in market competition. The paper also devises alternative ranking algorithms in the light of orthogonal experiment. They can be utilized optionally in required periods of time to generate dynamic ranking results. Near its end, the paper optimizes these algorithms, and by comparing and mixing them makes it possible for an engine to control the weight of different factors to meet the potential needs of different users. This way strengthens the links between a Web site and its users, and is possible to attract more users and bring more clients with increased income.
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Years of experience: 3. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2006.
Education Background: BS in Computer Science & Applications
Years of Work as a translator: 3+
Current Job: Content Editor & Copywriter of Cooperation Sub Sites
Areas: IT, Copywriting, Web Site Localization, Social Sciences (Personality, Philosophy, Psychology, and so on)
Keywords: seo, website localization, tech translation, computer, social science
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