Glossary entry (derived from question below)
French term or phrase:
faute collective
English translation:
collective fault
French term
faute collective
"Les parties AAA entendent démontrer que les représentants de BBB, au-delà de M. CCC et M. DDD, ont également commis des fautes graves au cours de la négociation du SPA, qu'il s'agit d'une faute collective avec EEE S.A. et FFF S.A. susceptible partant d'engager leur responsabilité civile in solidum."
...
"En retenant ces informations, l'ensemble des administrateurs de BBB a commis une faute collective grave ayant fait naître un préjudice démesuré dans le chef de AAA, allant bien au-delà du simple prix d'achat payé par AAA en exécution du SPA."
...
"Il a été acté, notamment dans les minutes du conseil d'administration du 20 mai 2013, que les administrateurs ont de concert commis des rétentions d'informations essentielles à AAA.
Il s'agit manifestement d'une faute collective."
Also, perhaps most helpful, "la responsabilité des dirigeants pourrait être recherchée, à titre exceptionnel, solidairement (« in solidum ») lorsqu 'ils commettent une faute commune ou collective (c'est-à-dire qu'il est impossible de distinguer les rôles de chacun) et que cette faute ait été commise dans de telles conditions d'indivisibilité que toute répartition entre les dirigeants sociaux soit impossible " (the words of a Luxembourg court).
For once, Bridge isn't too helpful with this: firstly, it suggests "collective guilt", which is obviously the wrong context, but more problematically, under faute, it keeps on about "negligence". This is clearly a case of deliberate, tortious intent, or allegations thereof. Negligence is never likely to be appropriate where the charge is one of fraud.
I have provisionally gone for "joint fault".
This is a large job, and there are many different gradations of faute: fautes graves, fautes contractuelles, fautes pénales, fautes collectives, fautes d'une extrême gravité, fautes impardonnables, fautes collectives graves, fautes d'une gravité particulière, fautes détachables ou séparables des fonctions (where the plaintiff is seeking to attach liability to individual company directors), fautes intentionnelles d'une particulière gravité, fautes grossières, fautes lourdes, etc.
Jun 28, 2021 21:19: Michele Fauble Created KOG entry
Proposed translations
collective fault
… compared to the collective fault of all negligent actors, …
https://www.eagle-law.com/wp-content/uploads/Paper-A.McGover...
France: French Tort Law in the Light of European Harmonization
published in 2005 by the European group on Tort Law,. 1 ... collective fault;. 79.
“each defendant's participation in the collective fault would be a cause of the damage.”
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/proof-of-causation-in-t...
jointly at fault
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Note added at 1 hr (2021-06-17 15:02:21 GMT)
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To Mpoma: yes, it doesn't seem strong enough, it seems like something out of school!
But I suppose you can be at fault for small things and for big things, indifferently.
Thanks. Yes, "fault" used in this way does sound ever so slightly odd in English, but Bridge seems perfectly comfortable with it, so who am I to question The Man? |
collective liability
Despite the ubiquity of collective liability regimes, they remain under-theorized and under-studied. Proponents of collective liability justify its imposition on two grounds. First, claims of deterrence suggest that the threat of collective liability incentivizes innocent actors to monitor each other and take preventative measures. The second claim is that once a harm occurs, potential liability will encourage innocent actors to share information that would identify the wrongdoer.
Source: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3601329
agree |
Eliza Hall
: With rephrasing, this could work. It's the same concept.
1 day 23 hrs
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Thanks!
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act of / collective negligence for / multiple-party fault
Note collective negligence rather than collective mal- or misfeasance.
Faute commune: contributory negligence, Bridge, was actually my idea for this term, albeit overlaps with 'shared, apportionable blame'.
One reason for dodging 'group blame' is that 'groupie blame' would be an easy typo to make, esp. for my ex-audio-typists from Essex.
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Note added at 18 hrs (2021-06-18 08:10:07 GMT)
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asker's question: no. You are right. Negligence - in ENG law at any rate - does not, as an omission, meet the high standard of seriousness required to plead fraud in court. That is why I bracketed off the apparent term of art of 'collective negligence' wanting to switch the focus to multi-party fault or even 'mis- or malfeasance' that is more apt and apposite to company directors' lapses.
USA: What if Multiple Parties are at Fault? Sometimes not just one person is at fault. You may have been negligent, and someone else may also have been negligent, making both of you at fault. So, what happens in this scenario?
Collective Negligence Are You Cyber Law Compliant?.... This interesting question was first raised by Naavi in November 2000, and highlighted in a lecture organized by CII, Chennai to a group of its members way back in July 2001.
http://www.alllaw.com/articles/nolo/personal-injury/shared-blame-comparative-contributory-fault.html
http://robertsjoneslaw.com/when-multiple-parties-are-involved/
Thanks. As I said in my question, and as Allegro T also asks, is fraud really a case of negligence? Surely negligence means there is no tortious intent... I'm puzzled, maître. |
neutral |
mrrafe
: I've never heard of "confederate enterprise" in US criminal litigation. I would drop that one. We do have conspiracies and criminal enterprises. / Funny the WhiteRose cite mentions a "landslide" court case. US has only landmark cases & landslide elections
1 hr
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Yes. You are right of course, though confederates, as in US Am. fed. law - to a joint venture is still within the compass of publ. internat. law - see. p.7 https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/147726/1/Jogee.pdf
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neutral |
AllegroTrans
: But is the "faute" simply negligence?
2 hrs
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No. It isn't. I tried to relegate the term by bracketing off.
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joint tort/tortious act
Tort - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Tort
A tort, in common law jurisdiction, is a civil wrong that causes a claimant to suffer loss or harm, resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the tortious ...
English tort law · Outline of tort law · Intentional tort · Quasi-tort
People also ask
What is an example of a tort?
Common torts include:assault, battery, damage to personal property, conversion of personal property, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Injury to people may include emotional harm as well as physical harm.
Common Types of Torts — Judicial Education Center
A common definition is: 'Tortious liability arises from the breach of a duty primarily fixed by law; such duty is towards persons generally and its breach is redressable by an action for unliquidated damages.' ( Winfield)20 Oct 2015
The nature of tortious liability | - Law Explorer
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Note added at 20 hrs (2021-06-18 09:27:31 GMT)
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ADDENDUM:
Maybe a rearrangement of the sentence (which is a tad clunky) would be desirable. Somethiong like "... making them joint tortfeasors"
agree |
SafeTex
5 hrs
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thanks
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agree |
Eliza Hall
: The "in solidum" language in the FR clinches it. Civil-law in solido tort liability is equivalent to common-law joint and several tort liability.
2 days 3 hrs
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thanks
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